The Liver Function Test (LFT) is a crucial diagnostic assessment used to evaluate the health and functionality of the liver. It comprises a comprehensive panel of blood tests that measure various markers indicative of liver function and integrity. These include bilirubin total, direct, and indirect, which are breakdown products of red blood cells and can accumulate in the blood when the liver is unable to process them efficiently. Additionally, the LFT panel typically includes measurements of enzymes such as SGPT (alanine transaminase) and SGOT (aspartate transaminase), as well as alkaline phosphatase and gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGTP). Elevated levels of these enzymes may indicate liver damage or dysfunction, often associated with conditions such as hepatitis, fatty liver disease, or liver cirrhosis. The LFT also assesses total protein levels, including albumin and globulin, as well as the albumin/globulin (A/G) ratio, providing insights into liver synthesis and protein balance.

Interpreting the results of the Liver Function Test aids healthcare providers in diagnosing liver diseases, monitoring disease progression, and assessing treatment effectiveness. Abnormalities in LFT markers may indicate liver disorders, prompting further evaluation and management strategies to address underlying liver dysfunction. Lifestyle modifications, dietary changes, medications, and interventions may be recommended based on the specific liver function abnormalities identified. Routine monitoring of liver function through LFT testing is crucial for individuals at risk of liver disease, such as those with chronic alcohol consumption, viral hepatitis, or metabolic disorders, enabling early detection and intervention to preserve liver health and prevent complications.