Electrolytes are essential minerals present in the body that carry an electric charge and play a critical role in various physiological processes. The main electrolytes include sodium, potassium, and chloride. Sodium is responsible for regulating fluid balance, nerve function, and muscle contraction. Potassium is crucial for maintaining proper heart function, muscle contractions, and nerve impulses. Chloride, often found in conjunction with sodium, helps regulate fluid balance and maintain proper blood pH levels.

Electrolyte levels are tightly regulated by the body to ensure optimal functioning of cells and organs. Imbalances in electrolyte levels can lead to various health issues, including dehydration, muscle weakness, irregular heartbeats, and neurological problems. Therefore, monitoring electrolyte levels through blood tests is essential for assessing hydration status, kidney function, and overall electrolyte balance. Healthcare providers often order electrolyte tests as part of routine check-ups, during hospital admissions, or when evaluating symptoms such as excessive thirst, fatigue, muscle cramps, or irregular heart rhythms. By measuring electrolyte levels, healthcare professionals can identify imbalances early on and recommend appropriate interventions to restore balance and maintain optimal health.